
Bulgaria is on high alert as the flu season intensifies, with five regions—Haskovo, Silistra, Pazardzhik, Vidin, and Yambol—expected to reach pre-epidemic conditions by the end of the week.
Assoc. Prof. Angel Kunchev, Bulgaria’s Chief State Health Inspector, issued the warning during a televised appearance on BNT, citing the spread of the AH3N2 flu strain as the primary driver of this year’s seasonal epidemic.
“The flu season is just beginning,” Kunchev stated, adding that ongoing cold temperatures are unlikely to hinder the virus’s spread. “Even at sub-zero temperatures, the flu remains active. We store viruses at minus 70-80 degrees, so cold weather alone cannot stop the flu.”
Environmental Factors Increase Susceptibility
Kunchev highlighted that current weather conditions, marked by persistent cold, fog, and smog, exacerbate the population’s vulnerability to flu and other viruses.
These factors, he explained, place additional strain on mucous membranes, weakening natural defenses against infections.
Flu symptoms typically appear abruptly, including a noticeable decline in overall health, accompanied by chills, fever, a cough, runny nose, red eyes, and general discomfort.
Kunchev noted that the incubation period is short—ranging from a few hours to two days—and individuals are most contagious during the early stages of illness. By the third day, the risk of transmission significantly decreases.
Treatment and Risks
Timely treatment is crucial, Kunchev emphasized, urging people to stay home, rest, and manage symptoms with over-the-counter medications.
Antiviral drugs can also help reduce the severity of the flu if taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset, though their effectiveness diminishes beyond this window.
“The flu is a serious condition that can affect multiple organs and tissues,” Kunchev warned, adding that individuals with pre-existing conditions, along with the elderly and children, face heightened risks. People in these vulnerable groups are advised to seek medical attention promptly.
While healthy individuals with strong immune systems typically recover within three to four days, Kunchev stressed that preventive measures remain vital.
Those vaccinated against the flu may still contract the virus, though their symptoms are generally milder. In rare cases, individuals can be infected by different flu strains within the same season.
Prevention Strategies
Kunchev underscored the importance of a proactive approach to prevention, recommending an active lifestyle, regular exercise, and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables to bolster immunity. “A healthy routine can significantly lower the risk of severe flu complications,” he said.
As the flu season progresses, public health officials are closely monitoring the situation in the five regions nearing pre-epidemic thresholds. Authorities urge citizens to prioritize self-care, follow medical advice, and stay informed about developments.
With the flu posing a growing threat across Bulgaria, Kunchev’s message is clear: vigilance, timely action, and preventive care are essential in minimizing the virus’s impact on public health.